Dear readers,

We are glad that IJRetina still published on time although the years of pandemic situation still going on. In this issue we have 11 original article and 1 case report about unussual case of intraoperative breakage of a reused 25 gauge ILM peeling forceps

The various articles are about study in diabetic and diabetic retinopathy patients, anti-VEGF intravitreal injection in diabetic macular edema, retinal vein occlusion,  and Age-related macular degeneration (AMD), characteristics and outcome of vitrectomy caused by vitreous haemorrhage, ocular changes after taking long hydroxychloroquine, fundus changes in pregnancy induced hypertension, peripapillary retinal perfusion and thickness of retinal nerve fiber layer in diabetic patients, and quality of life and cognitive function in patients with AMD.

We would like to thank all the authors, editorial board members, and reviewers for their contribution and cooperation to release this issue of IJRetina.

We are looking forward to your next participation.
Have a nice day.

Best regard

editor