THE DIFFERENCE OF QUALITY OF LIFE AND COGNITIVE FUNCTION BETWEEN PATIENTS WITH AND WITHOUT AGE-RELATED MACULA DEGENERATION (AMD)
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Published
Sep 21, 2021
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Abstract
Introduction: To determine the difference in the quality of life and cognitive function in patients with and without AMD.
Methods: This research is an observational analytic study, a prospective cross sectional study in the polyclinic of RSUP Sanglah, Denpasar.
Result: Study samples’s total are 66 people selected by consecutive sampling with 33 people in the group with AMD, and 33 people in the group without AMD. The results of the study showed the average age of the group with AMD 68 years and the group without AMD 67 years old. Most of the male sex and residence in denpasar in both groups. Most AMD with the wet type by 60.6 %. On the measurement of quality of life, it showed decreasing in all subscale in the group with AMD compared to the group without AMD with total average 27.2 % and also decreasing in cognitive function measured by MMSE in the group of AMD compared to the group of non – AMD with 6.8%, even though the MMSE score of the groups are within normal limits. All these things stated significant differences (p<0.05) statistically.
Conclusion: There are decreasing quality of life and cognitive function in AMD groupd compared to Non-AMD group which is needed more treatment and screening in the future.
Keywords
Age-Related Macula Degeneration,AMD,ARMD,Vitreo-Retina,Macula
Article Details
How to Cite
KRISTIANTO, Bobby et al.
THE DIFFERENCE OF QUALITY OF LIFE AND COGNITIVE FUNCTION BETWEEN PATIENTS WITH AND WITHOUT AGE-RELATED MACULA DEGENERATION (AMD).
International Journal of Retina, [S.l.], v. 4, n. 2, p. 142, sep. 2021.
ISSN 2614-8536.
Available at: <https://ijretina.com/index.php/ijretina/article/view/168>. Date accessed: 08 july 2024.
doi: https://doi.org/10.35479/ijretina.2021.vol004.iss002.168.
Section
Research Articles
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
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Abokyi, S. et al. 2020. Review Article: Central Role of Oxidative Stress in Age Related Macular Degeneration: Evidence from a Review of the Molecular Mechanisms and Animal Models, Journal of Hindiawi.
Age-Related Eye Disease Study Research Group.2006. The Age-Related Eye Disease Study (AREDS): Design Implications AREDS Report No. 2. National Eye Institute.
American Academy of Ophthalmology and Staff. 2019. BCSC: Vol.2 Fundamentals and Principal of Ophthalmology. American Academy of Ophthalmology.
American Academy of Ophthalmology and Staff. 2019. BCSC: Vol.11 Retina and Vitreous. American Academy of Ophthalmology.
Bhutto,I. Lutty,G. 2012. Understanding Age-related Macular Degeneration (AMD). Molecular Aspects of Medicine. 33. p295-317.
Chakravarthy,U. Wong, Y. Fletcher,A. et al. 2010. Clinical risk factors for age-related macular degeneration: a systematic review and meta- analysis.BioMedCentral. Availablefrom:http://bmcophthalmol.biomedcentral.c om/articles/10.1186/1471- 2415-10-31
Chung min, et al. 2014. Prevalence, Racial Variations, and Risk Factors of Age-Related Macular Degeneration in Singaporean Chinese, Indians, and Malays. ElSevier. available from www.aaojournal.org. Cheier,J. Jefferys,J.Singerman,L. Solomon,S. 2012. Detection of New- Onset Choroidal Neovascularization Using Optical Coherence Tomography The AMD DOC Study. Ophthalmology: 119(4).p771-77.
Dougherty,B. et al. 2010. Comparison of Scoring Approaches for the NEI VFQ-25 in Low Vision. Journal of Optometri and Vision Science: Vol. 87(4). p543-548.
Dougherty,B. et al. 2017. Measurement of Perceived Stress in Age-Related Macular Degeneration. Journal of Optometri and Vision Science: Vol. 94(3). p290-296.
Elvioza et al.2015. Prevalensi dan Karakteristik Faktor Risiko Pada Kejadian Age Related Macular Degeneration di Jakarta Timur. [cited 2015 September20].Available from: http://mru.fk.ui.ac.id/index.php?uPage=profil.profil_detail&smod=profil&sp=public&idp%20enelitian=1498
Falkenstein,I. et al. 2008. Comparison of Visual Acuity in Macular Degeneration Patients Measured with Snellen and Early Treatment Diabetic Retinopathy Study Charts. NIH Journal of Ophthalmology. 115(2): p319–323.
Friedman,D. O’Colmain,B. Muñoz,B. 2004. Prevalence of Age- related Macular Degeneration in the United States. Archives of Ophthalmology. 122(4). p564-572.
Hanafi, M. Hijazi, A. Coenen, F. and Zheng, Y. 2010. Retinal image Classification for the Screening of Age-related Macular Degeneration. In: SGAI International Conference on Artificial Intelligence AI-2010. p325-338.
Harrabi, H. et al. 2014. Clinical and Epidemiologic Research: Age-Related Eye Disease and Cognitive Function. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 56. p1217– 1221.
Jager,R. Mieler,W. Miller,J. 2008. Age-related Macular Degeneration. N. Engl. J. Med. 358(24). p2606–2617.
Jefferis, J. et al. 2012. The impact of visual impairment on Mini-Mental State Examination Scores in the Newcastle 85+ study, Journal of Age and Ageing vol. 41. p565–568.
Kanagasingam,Y. Bhuiyan,A. et al. 2014. Progress on Retinal Image Analysis for Age- related Macular Degeneration. Prog. Retin. Eye Res. 38. p20–42.
Kanski, J.J. 2012. A Synopsis of Clinical Ophtalmology. Second Edition.United Kingdom: Elsevier. p.304-306.
Khurana, AK. 2007. Comprehensive Ophthalmology: Fourth Edition.India : New Age International Publisher.
Laitinen,A. Laatikainen,L. Härkänen,T. Koskinen,S. Reunanen,A. Aromaa,A. 2010. Prevalence of major eye diseases and causes of visual impairment in the adult Finnish population: a nationwide population-based survey. Acta Ophthalmol ;88: p463–471.
Larner,A. 2015. Six-item Cognitive Impairment Test: suitable for the visually impaired?. Progress in Neurology and Psychiatry Journal. Kementrian Kesehatan RI. 2014. Infodatin Pusat Data dan Informasi Kementrian Kesehatan RI. Kementrian kesehatan RI. Jakarta.
Matamoros,E. et al. 2015. Quality of Life in Patients Suffering from Active Exudative Age-Related Macular Degeneration: The EQUADE Study. Ophthalmologica Journal vol. 234. p151–159..
Mookiah,M. R. K. Acharya,U. R. Koh,J. E. et al. 2014. Automated Diagnosis of Age-related Macular Degeneration using Greyscale Features from Digital Fundus Images. Computers in Biology and Medicine. 53. p55–64.
Morton,R. F. Hebel,J. R. McCarter,R. J. 2009. Terjemahan Bahasa Indonesia: Panduan Studi Epidemiologi dan Biostatistika. EGC.
National Eye Institute. Prevalence of adult vision impairment and Age- related eye diseases in America.https://nei,nih.gov/eyedata/adultvision_usa, 20 Januari 2019.
Pennington KL, et al. Epidemiology of age-related macular degeneration (AMD): associations with cardiovascular disease phenotypes and lipid factors. Eye and Vision Journal 2016 3:34.
Rong,S.S. et al. 2019. Comorbidity of dementia and age-related macular degeneration calls for clinical awareness: a meta- analysis, British Journal of Ophthalmology: Vol. 19(0). p1-7.
Rozzini,L. 2014. Cognitive Dysfunction and Age-Related Macular Degeneration, American Journal of Alzheimer’s Disease & Other Dementias Vol. 29(3). p256-262.
Ryan, S. et al. 2017. Ryan's Retina: 6th Edition. ELSevier.
Sidarta Ilyas,HS. Yulianti,SR. 2014. Mata Tenang Penglihatan Turun Perlahan. Ilmu Penyakit Mata (5th ed).FKUI; p239-40.
Singare,R. Deshmukh,S. Ughade,S.N. Thakre,S. 2015. Age – Related Macular Degeneration: Prevalence and Risk factors in elderly population (Aged > 60 years) in Central India. International Journal of Scientific and Research Publications;5: p2.
Sjahrir,H. Ritarwan,K. Tarigan,S. Rambe,A.S. Lubis,I.D. Bhakti,I. The Mini Mental State Examination in healthy individuals in Medan, Indonesia by age and education level. Neurol J Southeast Asia.2001;6: p19-22.
Tany,C.E. et al. 2016. Prevalensi age related macular degeneration di Poliklinik Mata BLU RSUP Prof. Dr. R. D. Kandou Manado periode Januari 2013 – Oktober 2015. Jurnal e-Clinic(eCl). Vol. 4. No.1.
Wong,W.L Su,X. Li,X. Cheung,C.M. Klein,R. Cheng,C.Y. et al. 2014. Global prevalence of age-related macular degeneration and disease burden projection for 2020 and 2040: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Lancet Glob Health;2: pe106–e116.
Xiangli, et al. 2012. Prevalence and Risk Factors for Age-Related Macular Degeneration in Indians: A Comparative Study in Singapore and India.Elsevier Inc. Avaliable from AJO.com.
Yuzawa,M. Fujita,K. Tanaka,E. Wang,E.C. 2013. Assesing quality of life in the treatment of patients with age-related macular degeneration: clinical research and recommendations for clinical practice, Clinical Ophthalmology Journal vo.7. p1325-1332.